Hume is one of the greatest of all British philosophers, and even in his own lifetime was celebrated as one of the pivotal figures of the Enlightenment. A central theme of his philosophy is the conviction that questions traditionally thought of as completely independent of the scientific realmDSquestions about the mind, about morality, and about God, for exampleDSare actually best explained using the experimental methods characteristic of the natural sciences. Hume's 'naturalist' approach to a wide variety of philosophical topics resulted in highly original theories about perception, self-identity, causation, morality, politics, and religion, all of which are discussed in this stimulating introduction by A J Ayer, himself one of the twentieth century's most important philosophers. Ayer also gives an account of Hume's fascinating life and character, and includes generous quotations from Hume's lucid and often witty writings.
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A.J.艾耶尔 1910年生于伦敦,先后毕业于伊顿公学、牛津大学。1946至1959年任伦敦大学学院格罗特心灵与逻辑哲学教授,1959至1978年任牛津大学威克姆逻辑学教授;1951至1952年任亚里士多德学会会长,1952年当选为英国社会科学院院士,1970年获封爵士。著有多部广为人知的哲学作品,包括《语言、真理与逻辑》《哲学的中心问题》《罗素》等。逝于1989年。
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西塞罗的大名现在仍然光耀着,但是亚里士多德的大名就很衰落了。卜鲁耶名扬四海,举世共知;但是马尔布兰希的荣誉,则限制于他的本国和他的时代。阿迪生将来或被人高兴阅读,至于洛克则恐怕要被人完全忘记了。
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