Half of all Americans have money in the stock market, yet economists can't agree on whether investors and markets are rational and efficient, as modern financial theory assumes, or irrational and inefficient, as behavioral economists believe--and as financial bubbles, crashes, and crises suggest. This is one of the biggest debates in economics and the value or futility of investment management and financial regulation hang on the outcome. In this groundbreaking book, Andrew Lo cuts through this debate with a new framework, the Adaptive Markets Hypothesis, in which rationality and irrationality coexist.
Drawing on psychology, evolutionary biology, neuroscience, artificial intelligence, and other fields, Adaptive Markets shows that the theory of market efficiency isn't wrong but merely incomplete. When markets are unstable, investors react instinctively, creating inefficiencies for others to exploit. Lo's new paradigm explains how financial evolution shapes behavior and markets at the speed of thought--a fact revealed by swings between stability and crisis, profit and loss, and innovation and regulation.
A fascinating intellectual journey filled with compelling stories, Adaptive Markets starts with the origins of market efficiency and its failures, turns to the foundations of investor behavior, and concludes with practical implications--including how hedge funds have become the Galapagos Islands of finance, what really happened in the 2008 meltdown, and how we might avoid future crises.
An ambitious new answer to fundamental questions in economics, Adaptive Markets is essential reading for anyone who wants to know how markets really work.
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Andrew W. Lo is the Charles E. and Susan T. Harris Professor at the MIT Sloan School of Management and director of the MIT Laboratory for Financial Engineering. He is the author of Hedge Funds and the coauthor of A Non-Random Walk Down Wall Street and The Econometrics of Financial Markets (all Princeton). He is also the founder of AlphaSimplex Group, a quantitative investment management company based in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
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Introduction
1
Chapter 1 Are We All Homo economicus Now?
12
Chapter 2 If Youre So Smart Why Arent You Rich?
45
Chapter 3 If Youre So Rich Why Arent You Smart?
75
Chapter 4 The Power of Narrative
102
Chapter 5 The Evolution Revolution
135
Chapter 6 The Adaptive Markets Hypothesis
176
Chapter 7 The Galapagos Islands of Finance
222
Chapter 8 Adaptive Markets in Action
249
Chapter 9 Fear Greed and Financial Crisis
296
Chapter 10 Finance Behaving Badly
330
Chapter 11 Fixing Finance
365
Chapter 12 To Boldly Go Where No Financier Has Gone Before
395
Notes
421
References
439
Acknowledgments
463
Index
469
版权
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如果我们想了解当前的行为,我们需要了解过去的环境和选择压力,这些压力在时间的推移和几代人的试错中产生了这种行为。这一思想是适应性假说的本质,并且二元选择模型提供了一个方便简单的数学框架来捕获它。
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